State by state

The best and worst states for doctors in 2025

For the second year in a row, Montana leads WalletHub’s annual list, while Hawaii comes in last. See where your state landed.

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In 2025, Montana, Indiana and South Dakota were found to be the best states for practicing medicine, while Hawaii, Rhode Island and the District of Columbia are the most difficult, according to WalletHub’s recently released list of the best and worst states for physicians.

To narrow down the list, WalletHub compared the 50 states and the District of Columbia across 19 key metrics that impact the practice of medicine, including the average annual wage of physicians, the number of hospitals per capita and the quality of the public hospital system. Each metric received a score out of 100 for each state; the various metrics were then weighted to determine each state’s overall score and ranking in the list.

Mississippi, Wisconsin and Georgia were found to provide the highest wages (adjusted for cost of living), while the District of Columbia, Massachusetts and Hawaii had the lowest wages.

Source: WalletHub

Each state's ranking for 2025 is displayed on WalletHub's interactive map.

Competition for jobs is projected to be the highest in the District of Columbia, Rhode Island and New York by 2032, with Mississippi, Missouri and Louisiana being projected to be the least competitive states for physicians.

Below is WalletHub’s list of the best and worst states for doctors—1 being the best, 51 being the worst.

WalletHub’s best and worst states for doctors

  1. Montana
  2. Indiana
  3. South Dakota
  4. Iowa
  5. Utah
  6. North Carolina
  7. Minnesota
  8. North Dakota
  9. Tennessee
  10. Wisconsin
  11. Idaho
  12. Missouri
  13. Louisiana
  14. South Carolina
  15. Alabama
  16. Nebraska
  17. Colorado
  18. Oklahoma
  19. Kansas
  20. Mississippi
  21. Georgia
  22. West Virginia
  23. Arizona
  24. Maine
  25. Florida
  26. Texas
  27. Michigan
  28. Wyoming
  29. Nevada
  30. Washington
  31. Kentucky
  32. Virginia
  33. Connecticut
  34. Pennsylvania
  35. Vermont
  36. Ohio
  37. Delaware
  38. California
  39. New Hampshire
  40. Massachusetts
  41. Arkansas
  42. Alaska
  43. New York
  44. Maryland
  45. New Mexico
  46. Illinois
  47. Oregon
  48. New Jersey
  49. District of Columbia
  50. Rhode Island
  51. Hawaii

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